| Learning challenges | - | N | Mean | Std. Deviation | Std. Error | F | Sig. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Memorizing knowledge | First year | 21 | 1.75 | 0.91 | 0.204 | 3.459 | 0.04 |
| Second year | 19 | 2.26 | 0.933 | 0.214 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 2.67 | 1.155 | 0.333 | - | - | |
| Linking knowledge | First year | 21 | 1.35 | 0.745 | 0.167 | 4.873 | 0.012 |
| Second year | 19 | 1.89 | 0.994 | 0.228 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 2.42 | 1.165 | 0.336 | - | - | |
| Knowledge transfer in clinical settings | First year | 21 | 1.45 | 0.945 | 0.211 | 1.089 | 0.345 |
| Second year | 19 | 1.84 | 1.119 | 0.257 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 1.92 | 0.9 | 0.26 | - | - | |
| Understanding professional language | First year | 21 | 1.8 | 0.951 | 0.213 | 2.681 | 0.079 |
| Second year | 19 | 2.47 | 1.172 | 0.269 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 2.5 | 0.905 | 0.261 | - | - | |
| Targeting useful knowledge | First year | 21 | 1.25 | 0.55 | 0.123 | 3.839 | 0.028 |
| Second year | 19 | 2 | 1.155 | 0.265 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 1.67 | 0.651 | 0.188 | - | - | |
| Perform care according to the recommended procedures | First year | 21 | 1.6 | 0.754 | 0.169 | 2.704 | 0.077 |
| Second year | 19 | 2.26 | 1.147 | 0.263 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 2.25 | 1.055 | 0.305 | - | - | |
| Communicate with the patient and his family | First year | 21 | 1.75 | 0.91 | 0.204 | 1.771 | 0.181 |
| Second year | 19 | 1.95 | 0.911 | 0.209 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 2.42 | 1.165 | 0.336 | - | - | |
| Teamwork | First year | 21 | 2.2 | 1.056 | 0.236 | 0.195 | 0.823 |
| Second year | 19 | 2.26 | 0.872 | 0.2 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 2.42 | 0.9 | 0.26 | - | - | |
| Data collection | First year | 21 | 1.5 | 0.946 | 0.212 | 0.711 | 0.496 |
| Second year | 19 | 1.79 | 1.032 | 0.237 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 1.92 | 1.165 | 0.336 | - | - | |
| Identify relevant cues | First year | 21 | 1.6 | 0.94 | 0.21 | 0.416 | 0.662 |
| Second year | 19 | 1.79 | 0.976 | 0.224 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 1.92 | 1.084 | 0.313 | - | - | |
| Formulate and justify clinical judgments | First year | 21 | 1.45 | 0.826 | 0.185 | 0.257 | 0.774 |
| Second year | 19 | 1.63 | 1.065 | 0.244 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 1.67 | 0.985 | 0.284 | - | - | |
| Prioritize the identified clinical judgments | First year | 21 | 1.5 | 0.946 | 0.212 | 0.114 | 0.893 |
| Second year | 19 | 1.63 | 0.831 | 0.191 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 1.58 | 0.793 | 0.229 | - | - | |
| Determine care objectives | First year | 21 | 1.5 | 0.827 | 0.185 | 1.105 | 0.34 |
| Second year | 19 | 1.53 | 0.612 | 0.14 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 1.92 | 1.084 | 0.313 | - | - | |
| Choose care actions | First year | 21 | 1.3 | 0.733 | 0.164 | 2.131 | 0.13 |
| Second year | 19 | 1.26 | 0.452 | 0.104 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 1.83 | 1.267 | 0.366 | - | - | |
| Develop a care plan | First year | 21 | 1.1 | 0.308 | 0.069 | 0.679 | 0.512 |
| Second year | 19 | 1.21 | 0.419 | 0.096 | - | - | |
| Third year | 14 | 1.25 | 0.452 | 0.131 | - | - |