Table 1: Summary of participants’ characteristics and self-reported outcomes.

Participants (n=147) Frequency (%) or Mean (SD)
Gender
Male
Female
87 (59.2%)
60 (40.8%)
Age (years) 67.0 (17.7)
Prescribed medication to induce sleep (n=145)
Yes
No

21 (14.5%)
124 (85.5%)
Hearing impairment
Yes
No
39 (26.5%)
108 (73.5%)
Modified Early Warning Score 1.48 (1.94) (range 0-9)
Self-reported pain level (10-point Visual Analogue Scale) 2.00 (2.56) (range 0-9)