| Observation or Action | Subtle Cues (1-4 Mins) | Obvious Cues (4-7.5 Mins) | Paired Sample- Repeated Measurest-Test | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | % Correct | Parameter | % Correct | t | df | Significance (2-Tailed); 95% CI† | |
| Observation | |||||||
| Pain assessment | 5/10 | 73.5 | 9/10 | 38.2 | 3.55 | 32 | 0.001 (CI: 0.14-0.55) |
| Nitrates | N/A | - | 94.3 | ||||
| BP | 150/95 | 91.4 | 170/95 | 74.3 | 1.79 | 34 | NS: 0.08 (CI: -0.24-0.37) |
| HR | 110 | 57.1 | 140 | 42.9 | 1.22 | 34 | NS: 0.23 (CI: -0.09-0.38) |
| RR | 20 | 11.4 | 32 | 5.9 | 0.81 | 33 | NS: 0.42 (CI: -0.09-0.21) |
| CRT | 2 secs | 0.0 | 2 secs | 0.0 | 0.00 | 34 | NS: 1.00 |
| Oxygen saturation | 95% | 65.7 | 89% | 29.4 | 3.42 | 34 | 0.002 (CI: 0.16-0.61) |
| Temperature | 36.8 | 34.3 | N/A | - | |||
| Early Action | |||||||
| Obtain immediate history | 80.0 | ||||||
| Obtain/review rhythm strip/12 lead | 91.4 | ||||||
| Investigate current medication usage | 37.1 | ||||||
| Identify other symptoms | 8.6 | ||||||
| Consider non-cardiac causes of chest pain | 17.1 | ||||||
| Give Aspirin (sublingual) | 23.5 | ||||||
| Late Action | |||||||
| Call for urgent assistance | 91.4 | ||||||
| Position appropriately | 67.6 | ||||||
| Administer oxygen | 94.3 | ||||||
| Ensure /IV cannulation | 82.9 | ||||||
| Morphine | 82.9 | ||||||
| Sub-total cues | 45.5% | 58.7% | |||||
| Overall: combined cues | 52.1% | ||||||