| Questionnaire Items | Author(s) and Year of Publication |
|---|---|
| Helping with daily activities (e.g. washing, dressing) | Herr & Bjoro et al. 2006 [21] |
| Providing pain medication regularly | MacIntyre & Shug et al. 2010 [20]; Mehta & Siegler et al. 2010 [16]; Kelley, Siegler & Reid 2008 [19]; Herr, Bjoro et al. 2006 [21]; Herr & Titler et al. 2004 [22] |
| Repositioning | MacIntyre & Shug et al. 2010 [20]; Mehta & Siegler et al. 2010[16]; Herr & Bjoro et al. 2006 [21]; Titler & Herr et al. 2006 [34] |
| Administering analgesics around the clock | Coker E & Papanaioannou et al. 2010 [23]; MacIntyre & Shug et al. 2010 [20]; Mehta & Siegler et al. 2010 [16]; Herr & Bjoro et al. 2006 [21] ; Herr & Titler et al. 2004 [22] |
| Providing pain medication prior to painful events (such as dressing or wound healing) | Srikandarajah & Gilron 2011[17]; Kehlet 2011[18]; Mehta & Siegler et al. 2010 [16]; Kelley, Siegler & Reid 2008 [19] |
| By using cold therapy (e.g. cold bags) for pain relief | MacIntyre & Shug et al. 2010 [20]; Mehta & Siegler et al. 2010[ 16]; Herr & Bjoro et al. 2006 [21]; Titler & Herr et al. 2006 [34] |
| Providing pain medication prior to physical activity | Srikandarajah & Gilron 2011[17]; Kehlet 2011[18]; Mehta & Siegler et al. 2010 [16] |
| Quieting and consoling | Kovach & Logan et al.2006 [36] ; Feeney 2004 [42] |
| Assessment and documentation of effects of analgesics | Coker E & Papanaioannou et al. 2010 [23]; MacIntyre & Shug et al. 2010 [20]; Herr & Titler 2009; Herr & Bjoro et al. 2006 [21] |
| Assessment for pain at least every four hours | Coker E & Papanaioannou et al. 2010 [23]; MacIntyre & Shug et al. 2010 [20]; Herr & Bjoro et al. 2006 [21] |
| Soothing, supportive touch | Kovach & Logan et al.2006 [36] |
| Assessing pain by means of pain scales | Coker E & Papanaioannou et al. 2010 [23]; MacIntyre & Shug et al. 2010 [20]; Mehta & Siegler et al. 2010 [16] ; Pesonen & Kauppila et al. 2009 [25]; Kelley, Siegler & Reid 2008 [19]; Herr & Bjoro et al. 2006 [21] |
| Presence when patient seems to be in pain | Kovach & Logan et al. 2006 [36] |
| Peaceful and comfortable environment (e.g. quiet, lights, air conditioning) | Herr & Bjoro et al. 2006 [21]; Kovach & Logan et al.2006 [36] |
| Heat therapy (e.g. warm bags) | MacIntyre & Shug et al. 2010 [20]; Herr & Bjoro et al. 2006 [21] |
| Music therapy | MacIntyre & Shug et al. 2010; Cepeda & Carr et al.2006; Herr & Bjoro et al. 2006 |