| Investigator | Subjects | Years of Follow-Up | Effect of Dietary Fat |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jones et al. [112] | 5,485 women in USA | 10 | No significant effect |
| Willett et al. [113] | 89,538 female nurses in USA | 4 | No significant effect |
| Mills et al. [114] | 20,341 Seventh Day Adventist women in California | 6 | No significant effect |
| Knekt et al. [115] | 3,988 women in Finland | 20 | No significant effect |
| Howe et al. [116] | 56,837 Canadian women | 5 | Slightly elevated risk |
| Graham et al. [117] | 18,586 women in New York State | 7 | No significant effect |
| Kushi et al. [118] | 34,388 women in Iowa | 4 | No significant effect |
| Willett et al. [119] | 89,494 female nurses in USA | 8 | No significant effect |
| van den Brandt et al. [120] | 62,573 women in Netherlands | 3.3 | No significant effect |
| Toniolo et al. [121] | 14,291 women in New York City | 6 | No significant effect; but significant positive correlation with red meat |
| Gaard et al. [122] | 31,209 women in Norway | 7-13 | No significant effect for fat or saturated fat; but significant positive correlation with meat and monounsaturated fat |
| Wolk et al. [131] | 61,471 women from central Sweden | 4.2 | Positive correlation with polyunsaturated fat; negative association with monounsaturated fat |
| Holmes et al. [123] | 88,795 female nurses in USA | 14 | No significant effect of total fat or specific fatty acids |
| Velie et al. [124] | 40,022 women in 29 centers throughout USA | 5.3 | No overall association; but among women with no history of benign breast disease, positive association between total and unsaturated fat intake and breast cancer risk |
| Thiebaut et al. [125] | 65,879 women in Europe | 3.4 | Small positive association between fat intake and breast cancer risk |
| Terry et al. [126] | 61,463 women in Sweden | 9.6 | No association between “Western” dietary pattern and breast cancer risk |
| Byrne et al. [127] | 44,697 female nurses in USA | 14 | No effect of fat in women with no history of benign breast disease |
| Voorrips et al. [133] | 62,573 women in Netherlands | 6.3 | No effect for total fat; positive association with conjugated linoleic acid; negative association with monounsaturated fat |
| Wirfalt et al. [132] | 12,803 women in Sweden | Up to 8 | Positive association with total, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fat |
| Horn-Ross et al. [137] | 111,526 women in California | 2 | No effect for total fat, saturated fat, linoleic acid, or oleic acid |
| Cho et al. [130] | 90,655 premenopausal female registered nurses in one of 14 states within the United States | 8 | Positive association with intake of animal fat but not total fat or vegetable fat |
| Gago-Dominguez et al. [136] | 35,298 Singapore Chinese women aged 45-74 years | Up to 7 | No effect for total, saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fat; decreased risk with marine n-3 fatty acid intake |
| Bingham et al. [139] | 25 630 men and women aged 45–74 years from Norfolk, UK | Up to 9 | Positive association with total and saturated fat intake when measured using food diaries but not when using food frequency questionnaires |
| Kim et al. [128] | 80,375 female nurses in USA | 20 | No effect of total fat or specific types of fat |
| Lof et al. [135] | 49,261 women in Sweden | 13 | No association with total, saturated, polyunsaturated, and monounsaturated fat intakes |
| Thiebaut et al. [134] | 188,736 postmenopausal women | 4.4 | Positive association with total, saturated, polyunsaturated, and monounsaturated fat intakes |
| Linos et al. [129] | 39,268 premenopausal female nurses in USA | 7 | Increased consumption of total fat during adolescence, but not saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fat, increased risk |
| Murff et al. [143] | 74,942 women from Shanghai, China | 7-11 | No significant effect of n-3 or n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake, but high ratio of n-6 to n-3 increased risk |
| Sczaniecka et al. [142] | 30,252 women in USA | 6 | Total saturated and monounsaturated fat intakes associated with increased risk but not trans or polyunsaturated fat; individual fatty acids had heterogeneous effects |
| Farvid et al. [141] | 88,804 female nurses in USA | 20 | Positive association with animal fat intake but not other types of fat |
| Boeke et al. [140] | 187,898 female nurses in USA | No influence on risk of lethal breast cancer |