Table 1: Baseline characteristics of children who participated in this study.
| Baseline Characteristicsa |
Study group (n=140) |
p-value |
| Age (months) |
34.7±5.5 |
– |
| Gender |
– |
– |
| Male (n,%) |
69 (49.3) |
– |
| Maternal education level (n,%) |
– |
– |
| College/University or Higher |
22 (15.7) |
– |
| High School |
63 (45.0) |
– |
| Secondary School |
55 (39.3) |
– |
| Weight (kg) |
10.8 ± 0.8 |
– |
| Male |
10.9 ± 0.8 |
0.002b
|
| Female |
10.5 ± 0.7 |
– |
| Height (cm) |
86.5 ± 3.5 |
– |
| Male |
86.9 ± 3.7 |
0.129b
|
| Female |
86.0 ± 3.2 |
– |
| Weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) |
-1.21 ± 0.33 |
– |
| Male |
-1.29 ± 0.38 |
0.005c
|
| Female |
-1.13 ± 0.24 |
– |
| Weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) |
-2.12 ± 0.27 |
– |
| Male |
-2.11 ± 0.28 |
0.117c
|
| Female |
-2.13 ± 0.27 |
– |
| Height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) |
-2.26 ± 0.27 |
– |
| Male |
-2.25 ± 0.22 |
0.018c
|
| Female |
-2.27 ± 0.31 |
– |
a Data are presented as the means ± SD, except for gender which is presented as a percentage.
b,c p-value is from t-test and Mann-Whitney U test, respectively.