Table 2: Assessment of threats, current action and mitigation and management strategies under status quo (SQ) and the vision (V) for the conservation of Galápagos avian diversity: terrestrial birds, including indigenous species (i.e. native and endemic).

Species Scenarios Climate Change and Severe Weather Human Intrusions and Disturbance Biological Resource Use Invasive Species Diseases Pollution Geological Events Loss Genetic Diversity Population Trends Source
Galápagos Hawk
Buteo galapagoensis 		2018 - Loss of habitat. Some agricultural community impact - - Few diseases recorded Unknown - Small populations on some Islands Stable / uncertain 1, 7, 9
SQ - Loss of habitat. Some agricultural community impact - - New and emergent diseases Potential impacts of mercury, pesticides/
rodenticides		 - Small populations on some Islands Stable / uncertain -
V - Educational program and environmental outreach program to reduce disturbances in habitat areas Zero impact - No emerging diseases.
Data collected		 Data collected; prohibit the use of current use pesticides and rodenticides to avoid secondary poisoning - Small populations on some Islands Stable -
Little Vermilion Flycatcher
Pyrocephalus nanus 		2018 Change the habitat Loss of habitat Some vehicular collisions Cats, rats? affected individuals Unknown Unknown - - Declining 17, 35, 41
SQ Same as above - Increase vehicular collisions Cats, rats? affected individuals Continue unknown Continue unknown - - Declining -
V - Reforesting breeding areas in GNP, and in agricultural areas (gulch) with the collaboration of farmers Zero impact Aggressive control on feral species Data collected and known Data collected and known - Data collected and known Stable / uncertain -
Galápagos Martin
Progne modesta 		2018 Change the habitat - - Unknown Unknown Unknown - Small populations? Uncertain -
SQ More habitat affected.
Unknown		 - - Continue; unknown Continue; unknown Continue; unknown - Continue; unknown Uncertain -
V - - - Data collected and known Data collected and known Data collected and known - Data collected and known Stable / uncertain -
Floreana Mockingbird
Mimus trifasciatus 		2018 Change the habitat Loss of habitat - Dogs, cats, rats affected individuals on Floreana Few diseases recorded Unknown Fire Small populations Stable on islets 9
SQ La Niña affected more frequenly the islands - - Introduced species arrived to islets Few diseases recorded Unknown Fire Small populations Stable on islets 50, 51, 75, 77, 82
V - Restoration habitat on GNP - Aggressive control of feral species on Floreana Data collected and known Data collected and known - New colonies on Floreana. Implement 50/500 rule for minimum viable population; develop a breeding center Increased on Floreana / stable -
Española Mockingbird
Mimus macdonaldi 		2018 Change the habitat Some area with human interaction - - Unknown Unknown - Small populations Stable / uncertain 50, 51, 77
SQ La Niña affected more frequenly the islands More human interaction - - Continue unknown Continue unknown Fire - Stable / uncertain -
V - Restrict daily tourism tours.
Better biosecurity to visit the island		 - Better biosecurity to visit the island Data collected and known Data collected and known - 50/500 rule rule for minimum viable population; develop a breeding center Stable -
San Cristóbal Mockingbird
Mimus melanotis 		2018 Change the habitat Loss of habitat Some vehicular collisions Dogs, cats, rats affected individuals Unknown Unknown - Small populations Stable / uncertain 50, 51, 77
SQ Same as above Loss of habitat Some vehicular collisions No control of dogs, cats, rats Continue unknown Continue unknown Fire Small populations Stable / uncertain -
- V - Reforesting breeding areas in GNP, and in agricultural areas (gulch) with the collaboration offarmers Zero impact. Educational program to reduce the collisions Aggressive control on feral species Data collected and known Data collected and known - 50/500 rule for minimum viable population; develop a breeding center Stable -
Genovesa Ground-finch
Geospiza acutirostris 		2018 Change the habitat - - - Unknown Unknown - Small populations Stable / uncertain 23, 32, 80
SQ Same as above - - - Continue; unknown Continue; unknown Fire Unknown poblational Stable / uncertain -
V - Biosecurity control to visit the island - - Data collected and known Data collected and known - Data collected and known Stable -
Vampire Ground-finch
Geospiza septentrionalis 		2018 Change the habitat - - - Unknown Unknown - Small populations Stable / uncertain 23, 32, 80
SQ Same as above - - - Continue unknown Continue; unknown Fire Unknown population Stable / uncertain -
V - Biosecurity control to visit the island - - Data collected and known Data collected and known - Data collected and known Stable -
Genovesa Cactus-finch
Geospiza propinqua 		2018 Change the habitat - - - Unknown Unknown - Small populations Stable / uncertain 23, 32, 80
SQ Same as above - - - Continue unknown Continue; unknown Fire Unknown population Stable / uncertain -
V - Biosecurity control to visit the island - - Data collected and known Data collected and known - Data collected and known Stable -
Medium Tree-finch
Camarhynchus pauper 		2018 Change the habitat Loss of habitat Unknown vehicular collisions Dogs, cats, rats affected individuals Few diseases recorded Unknown - Small populations Stable / uncertain 23, 32, 53, 80
SQ Same as above Loss of habitat Unknown vehicular collisions Dogs, cats, rats affected individuals New and emergent diseases Continue; unknown Fire Unknown population Stable / uncertain -
V - Reforesting breeding areas in GNP, and in agricultural areas (gulch) with the collaboration with farmers Data collected Aggressive control on feral species No emerging diseases.
Data collected		 Data collected and known - 50/500 rule for minimum viable population; develop a breeding center Stable -
Large Tree-finch
Camarhynchus psittacula 		2018 Change the habitat Loss of habitat Some vehicular collisions Dogs, cats, rats affected individuals Few diseases recorded Unknown - - Stable / uncertain 23, 41, 45, 80
SQ Same as above Loss of habitat Increase vehicular collisions Dogs, cats, rats affected individuals New and emerging diseases Continue unknown Fire Unknown poblational Stable / uncertain -
- V - Reforesting breeding areas in GNP, and in agricultural areas (gulch) with the collaboration offarmers Zero impact Aggressive control on feral species No emerging diseases.
Data collected		 Data collected and known - Data collected and known Stable -
Woodpecker Finch
Camarhynchus pallidus 		2018 Change the habitat Loss of habitat Some vehicular collisions Dogs, cats, rats affected individuals Few diseases recorded Unknown - - Stable / uncertain 23, 41, 45, 80
SQ Same as above Loss of habitat Increased vehicular collisions Dogs, cats, rats affected individuals New and emerging diseases Continue; unknown Fire Unknown population Stable / uncertain -
V - Reforesting breeding areas in GNP, and in agricultural areas (gulch) with the collaboration of farmers Zero impact Aggressive control on feral species No emerging diseases.
Data collected		 Data collected and known - Data collected and known Stable -
Mangrove Finch
Camarhynchus heliobates 		2018 Change the habitat Loss of habitat - Cats, rats affected individuals No diseases recorded Unknown - Small populations Declining 23, 41, 45, 80
SQ Same as above Loss of habitat - Cats, rats affected individuals New and emerging diseases Continue; unknown Fire, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, higher tide levels affected nests near the coast Unknown poblational Declining -
V Continue the breeding program Searching and exploring new breeding areas - Aggressive control on feral species No emerging diseases.
Data collected		 Data collected and known Recovery of dunes and mangrove habitat affected by tsunamis and higher tide levels in breeding areas Data collected and known; 50/500 rule for minimum viable population Stable / uncertain -

*2018 = 2018 status, SQ = Status quo, V = 2028 Avian Diversity Vision GNP = Galapagos National Park