Table 2: Proposed drug candidates for treating FECD.

Candidate Drugs	Status	Proposed Mechanism	Author or Company
Elamipretide	Phase 2 clinical study	Preserves mitochondrial energetics	Stealth BioTherapeutics
Rho kinase inhibitor	Pilot clinical research	Promotes cell proliferation	Okumura N, Koizumi N [71, 73]
N-acetylcysteine	Animal model	Increases cell survival	Kim EC [78]
Lithium	Animal model	Increases cell survival	Kim EC [79]
Oxotremorine	in vitro	Increases cell survival	Kim EC [80]
Mefenamic acid	in vitro	Increases cell survival	Kim EC [80]
TGF-β inhibitor	in vitro	Suppresses unfolded protein mediated cell death	Okumura N [42]