Table 5: Summary of studies showing the association between Dry Eye Syndrome and diabetes mellitus in the last five years.

AUTHORS TITLE RESULTS
Zou X, et al [12] (2018) Prevalence and clinical characteristics of dry eye disease in community-based dry eye and diabetes mellitus 2 diabetic patients: the
Beixinjing eye study.
Significant association between the presence of dry eye, higher glycemia and elevation of glycosylated hemoglobin.
Ma A, et al [13] (2018) Association of long-term glycaemic control on tear break-up times and Determination of Risk Factors and Treatment of Dry Eye Disease in Type 1 Diabetes Before Corneal Complications
at Sindh Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences. dry eye symptoms in Chinese patients
with type 2 diabetes.
Good glycemic control is a modifiable risk factor for both dry eye and tear film instability in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Shujaat S, et al [14] (2017) Investigation of Ocular Tear Ferning in Controlled and Uncontrolled Diabetic Subjects. Acute increase in frequency and risk of developing dry eye disease in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Al Houssien AO, et al [15] (2017) Magnitude of diabetes and hypertension among patients with Dry Eye Syndrome at a tertiary hospital of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia - A case series. Uncontrolled blood glucose levels appeared to be a risk factor for dry eye syndrome.
Kan S, et al [16] (2017) The effects of blood glucose regulation on tear function tests in diabetic patients. DM is a hyperosmolar disorder that appears to cause elevation in the rate of ocular surface disease, especially if glycemia is poorly regulated.
Aljarousha
M, et al [18] (2016)
Comparison of Dry Eye Parameters between
Diabetics and Non-Diabetics in District of Kuantan, Pahang.
Dry eye symptoms were significantly associated with diabetics.
Achtsidis V, et al [17] (2014) Dry eye syndrome in subjects with diabetes and
association with neuropathy.
DES is common in patients with diabetes,
especially in cases of neuropathy, and is associated with reduced corneal sensitivity. Hypoaesthesia of the cornea reduces patient symptoms.
Lv H, et al [18] (2014) Meta-analysis and review on the changes of tear function and corneal sensitivity in diabetic patients. The sensitivity of the cornea was lower in diabetic patients than in the control group, suggesting worsening of the lacrimal functions in these patients compared to the control group.
Imam S, Elagin RB,
Jaume JC [19] (2013)
Diabetes-associated dry eye syndrome in a new Association of dry eye disease with insulitis and
humanized transgenic model of type 1 diabetes. clinically relevant diabetes in mice.
Najafi L, et al [20] (2013) Dry eye and its correlation to diabetes
microvascular complications in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Dry eye disease is common in people with type 2
diabetes, being more prevalent in people suffering from advanced stages of diabetic Retinopathy