Fig. (3) Direct trauma X-rays and CT of a 37-year old male with a L1 fracture, classified as a burst fracture (A3 type). There is minimal angulation or kyphosis, and there are no signs of involvement of the posterior ligament complex. Gardner angle = 16 degrees. VCA = 10 degrees. 3a=sagittal view; 3b= PA-view; 3c = sagittal CT; 3d = sagittal X-rays with Gardner angle (red line) and VCA (black line).