Table 1: Patient demographics.

All patients (n=18)
Age (years), mean (SD)
BMI, mean (SD)
Female, n (%)
47.2 (14.2)
29.4 (5.3)
10 (56)
Procedure side, %
Left
Right
Length of hospital stay, mean (days)
Patients discharged same day as surgery, n (%)
Blood loss, mean cc

55
45
0.3
15 (83)
14.5
Smoking status, %
Current/past smoker
Never smoked
Work status, n/N (%)
Not working at time of surgery
Working, modified duties
Working, full duties
Other (no data, unemployed, etc.)

56
44

9/18 (50)
3/18 (17)
0/18 (0)
6/18 (33)
Medical history, n/N (%)
Concomitant back disease
Neck pain
Previous lumbar surgery
Lumbar fusion
Lumbar discectomy/laminectomy

6/18 (33)
1/18 (6)

4/18 (22)
4/18 (22)