Table 1: Summary of lithography techniques used to modify implant surfaces for cartilage tissue regeneration.

Technology	Method	Advantages	Disadvantages
Nanoimprinting	Family of techniques, which use elastomeric stamps or mouds to transfer patterns to subtrates at the nanoscale.	High resolution (5-10 nm) High throughout Low cost	High temperatures required for thermal based systems and difficulty in transfer pattern using UV systems.
Microcontact printing	Patterns substrates by applying self assembled monolayers on an elastomeric stamp	Simple Low cost Versatile	Lower resolution and reduced reproducibility (35 nm)
Replica moulding (REM)	Use PDMS mould to cast the pre-polymer, which after the polymer is cured is detached.	Good resolution (30nm) Versatile Low cost	Limited use of moulds