Table 3: Cytokine Profiles from Baseline to Post-HA Viscosupplementation at Month Six. Values are Expressed in pg/ml and are Shown as Means ± SD

Adults Elderly Adults
Baseline Month 6 Baseline Month 6
Inflammatory
IL-1β .068 ± .192 .298 ±.595 .333 ±.763 .107 ±.223
IL-6 429.5 ± 412.3 348.9 ± 372.8 187.7 ± 156.9 231.5 ± 257.4
IL-8 92. 4 ± 73.0 67.1 ± 23.0 117.1 ± 106.7 162.8 ± 155.1
IL-12 2.29 ± 1.96 1.64 ± 1.68 0.81 ± 1.36 1.59 ± 1.95
TNF-α* 2.52 ± 3.09 1.33 ± 2.75 3.76 ± 3.71 5.38 ± 4.54
MCP 2797 ± 990 2189 ± 786 3117 ± 1397 3611 ± 1192
Anti-Inflammatory
IL-4 2.8 ± 3.3 5.7 ± 8.6 10.2 ± 13.9 5.8 ± 6.7
IL-10 8.42 ± 6.47 6.39 ± 3.03 8.37 ± 5.04 8.40 ± 7.67
IL-13 .565 ± .780 0.299 ± .745 .606 ± .780 0.081± .229

Intxn= group by time interaction.IL= interleukin; TNF= tumor necrosis factor; MCP = monocyte chemotactic protein.
* Change scores (difference between baseline and six months) between groups were different p0.<05.