Domain |
Specific factors |
Total number of studies |
References |
Downstream SDoH |
Health literacy and education |
Lack of education |
19 |
Yamasaki-Nakagawa et al. 2001; Xu and Borders 2003; Bell et al. 2005; Cheng et al. 2005; Masud et al. 2005; Sudore et al. 2006; Abdulraheem 2007; Blay et al. 2008; Mariolis et al. 2008; Iecovich and Carmel 2009; Ruthig et al. 2009; Jordan et al. 2011; Adu-Gyamfi and Abane 2013; Ameh et al. 2014; De-Guzman et al. 2014; Onwubiko et al. 2014; Weaver and Gjesfjeld 2014; Nipun et al. 2015 |
|
Lack of knowledge about health and healthcare services |
3 |
Pullen et al. 2001; Abdulraheem 2007; Ameh et al. 2014 |
Passive healthcare seeking behaviors |
Do not think as sick enough |
6 |
Cheng et al. 2005; Judd, Komiti and Jackson 2008; Ruthig et al. 2009; Gopalan and Durairaj 2012; Ameh et al. 2014; Onwubiko et al. 2014; Nipun et al. 2015 |
|
Self-treatment tendency |
3 |
Masud et al. 2005; Jordan et al. 2011; Weaver and Gjesfjeld 2014 |
|
Mistrust to MHS |
11 |
Yamasaki-Nakagawa et al. 2001; Young et al. 2001; Xu and Borders 2003; Peltzer 2004; Byles et al. 2006; Liu et al. 2007; Huong et al. 2007; Gopichandran and Chetlapalli 2013; Sharma, Mazta and Parashar 2013; De-Guzman et al. 2014; Onwubiko et al. 2014 |
|
Depression |
5 |
Ingold et al. 2000; Judd et al. 2006; Sudore et al. 2006; Judd, Komiti and Jackson 2008; Chan and Griffiths 2009 |
|
Perceived stigma |
3 |
Judd, Komiti and Jackson 2008; Sharma, Mazta and Parashar 2013; Onwubiko et al. 2014 |
Lack of healthcare support |
Limited healthcare services |
9 |
Young et al. 2000; Xu and Borders 2003; Abdulraheem 2007; Heinrich et al. 2008; Mariolis et al. 2008; Chan and Griffiths 2009; Adu-Gyamfi and Abane 2013; Weaver and Gjesfjeld 2014; De-Guzman et al. 2014 |
|
Inadequate healthcare professionals |
8 |
Young et al. 2000; Borders 2004; Cheng et al. 2005; Sudore et al. 2006; Chan and Griffiths 2009; Ruthig et al. 2009; Adu-Gyamfi and Abane 2013; Ameh et al. 2014 |
|
Scarcity of medical equipment and medications |
5 |
Cheng et al. 2005; Heinrich et al. 2008; Chan and Griffiths 2009; Adu-Gyamfi and Abane 2013; Ameh, Gomez-Olive et al. 2014 |
|
Long waiting times |
5 |
Young et al. 2000; Borders 2004; Abdulraheem 2007; Liu et al. 2007; Nipun et al. 2015 |
|
Attitude of healthcare professionals |
4 |
Peltzer 2004; Liu et al. 2007; Sharma, Mazta and Parashar 2013; Ameh et al. 2014 |
|
Health insurance coverage |
11 |
Xu and Borders 2003; Borders 2004; Hong et al. 2004; Bell et al. 2005; Sudore et al. 2006; Liu et al. 2007; Blay et al. 2008; Ruthig et al. 2009; Adu-Gyamfi and Abane 2013; Ameh et al. 2014; Weaver and Gjesfjeld 2014 |
Upstream SDoH |
Financial constraints |
Poverty (Individual & household poverty) |
16 |
Xu and Borders 2003; Melese et al. 2004; Bell et al. 2005; Cheng et al. 2005; Masud et al. 2005; Sudore et al. 2006; Abdulraheem 2007; Liu et al. 2007; Blay et al. 2008; Chan and Griffiths 2009; Iecovich and Carmel 2009; Ruthig et al. 2009; Gopalan and Durairaj 2012; Ameh et al. 2014; Weaver and Gjesfjeld 2014; Nipun et al. 2015 |
|
Cost of treatments |
12 |
Young et al. 2000; Young et al. 2001; Yamasaki-Nakagawa et al. 2001; Melese et al. 2004; Peltzer 2004; Bell et al. 2005; Byles et al. 2006; Liu et al. 2007; Heinrich et al. 2008; Onwubiko et al. 2014; De-Guzman et al. 2014; Nipun et al. 2015 |
|
Lack of financial support |
3 |
Chan and Griffiths 2009; Gopalan and Durairaj 2012; Sharma, Mazta and Parashar 2013 |
Transportation difficulties |
Distance and travel |
16 |
Pullen et al. 2001; Young et al. 2001; Yamasaki-Nakagawa et al. 2001; Melese et al. 2004; Cheng et al. 2005; Harrison and Wardle 2005; Abdulraheem 2007; Huong et al. 2007; Liu et al. 2007; Mariolis et al. 2008; Chan and Griffiths 2009; Gopalan and Durairaj 2012; Adu-Gyamfi and Abane 2013; Sharma, Mazta and Parashar 2013; Onwubiko et al. 2014; Nipun et al. 2015 |
|
Transportation |
7 |
Borders 2004; Hong et al. 2004; Melese et al. 2004; Harrison and Wardle 2005; Iecovich and Carmel 2009; Adu-Gyamfi and Abane 2013; Ameh et al. 2014 |
Relationship matters |
Living alone |
8 |
Ingold et al. 2000; Melese et al. 2004; Abdulraheem 2007; Liu et al. 2007; Chan and Griffiths 2009; Adu-Gyamfi and Abane 2013; Sharma, Mazta and Parashar 2013; Onwubiko et al. 2014 |
|
Decreased social networks |
3 |
Liu et al. 2007; Chan and Griffiths 2009; Sharma, Mazta and Parashar 2013 |
A culture of restriction |
Restriction in mobility |
5 |
Ingold et al. 2000; Harrison and Wardle 2005; Huong et al. 2007; Liu et al. 2007; Iecovich and Carmel 2009 |
|
Dependency on male family members |
3 |
Ingold et al. 2000; Heinrich et al. 2008; Odaman and Ibiezugbe 2014 |