Table 2a: Heterogeneity (%) across studies for each preventive service and subgroups.

Heterogeneity Bone Densitometry Influenza Vaccination Cholesterol/Lipid Testing Blood Pressure Measurement
Overall 76.6 (p=0.001) 99 (p<0.001) 91.5 (p<0.001) 96.3 (p<0.001)
Study Design - - - -
Matched case control 74.4 (p=0.004) 99.4 (p<0.001) 92.1 (p<0.001) 89.7 (p=0.002)
Cross sectional NA 71.5 (p=0.061) NA NA
Study Quality - - - -
NOS>=7 71.8 (p=0.029) 99.5 (p<0.001) 91.5 (p<0.001) NA
NOS<7 81.4 (p=0.002) 0.0 (p=0.579) 90.8 (p<0.001) 98.1 (p<0.001)
Cancer Types - - - -
Unrestricted 78.9 (p=0.003) 93.3 (p<0.001) 92.5 (p<0.001) 96.3 (p<0.001)
Breast cancer 21.8 (p=0.258) 99.8 (p<0.001) 93.2 (p<0.001) NA
Ascertainment - - - -
Record/claims data 74.4 (p=0.004) 99.6 (p<0.001) 92.8 (p<0.001) NA
Self-reported NA 80.6 (p<0.001) 77.1 (p=0.037) 63.9 (p=0.096)
Matching - - - -
Comorbidity matched NA 81.2 (p=0.021) 0.0 (p=0.735) NA
General population 72.1 (0.006) 99.3 (p<0.001) 93.1 (p<0.001) 96.3 (p<0.001)