Table 6: Predictors of child size at birth, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia, February 2017.
Predictor variables |
Child size at birth |
COR (95% CI) |
AOR (95% CI) |
Small |
Medium or Large |
Mother education |
No education |
61 |
229 |
Reference |
Reference |
Primary level |
57 |
248 |
0.86 (0.58-1.29) |
1.06 (0.65-1.72) |
Secondary level |
21 |
209 |
0.38 (0.22-0.64)* |
0.52 (0.28-0.97)* |
Higher level |
31 |
186 |
0.63 (0.39-1.01) |
1.22 (0.65-2.29) |
Father education |
No education |
41 |
157 |
1.87 (1.14-3.08)* |
1.31 (0.69-2.50) |
Primary level |
56 |
218 |
1.84 (1.16-2.93)* |
1.78 (1.00-3.18) |
Secondary level |
39 |
253 |
1.10 (0.68-1.81) |
1.14 (0.65-2.01) |
Higher level |
34 |
244 |
Reference |
Reference |
Wealth status |
Reach |
55 |
323 |
0.70 (0.42-1.16) |
--- |
Middle |
88 |
438 |
0.83 (0.51-1.33) |
--- |
Poor |
27 |
111 |
Reference |
--- |
Sex of a child |
Female |
103 |
372 |
2.07 (1.48-2.89)* |
2.27 (1.58-3.27)* |
Male |
67 |
500 |
Reference |
1.00 |
Birth order |
First child |
84 |
434 |
1.13 (0.74-1.73) |
--- |
Second child |
50 |
227 |
1.29 (0.81-2.06) |
--- |
Third plus child |
36 |
211 |
Reference |
--- |
Birth spacing |
≤2 years |
105 |
478 |
1.33 (0.95-1.87) |
--- |
>2 years |
65 |
394 |
Reference |
--- |
Number of windows in the house |
No window |
23 |
43 |
5.22 (2.53-10.73)* |
4.79 (1.56-14.69)* |
1 window |
77 |
354 |
2.12 (1.20-3.75)* |
2.12 (0.82-5.44) |
2 windows |
54 |
319 |
1.65 (0.92-2.98) |
1.83 (0.84-4.01) |
≥3 windows |
16 |
156 |
Reference |
Reference |
House ventilation level |
Poor |
85 |
333 |
1.83 (1.19-2.82)* |
1.37 (0.67-2.82) |
Moderate |
51 |
295 |
1.24 (0.78-1.98) |
1.03 (0.58-1.83) |
Good |
34 |
244 |
Reference |
Reference |
Cooking Place (kitchen arrangement) |
Inside the house |
38 |
255 |
2.85 (1.36-6.01)* |
2.27 (1.88-5.88)* |
Separate house |
115 |
562 |
0.63 (0.30-1.33) |
0.65 (0.28-1.51) |
Outdoor space |
17 |
55 |
Reference |
Reference |
Fuel types for cooking |
Biomass fuel |
49 |
195 |
2.19 (1.21-3.95)* |
3.83 (1.95-15.35)* |
Charcoal |
104 |
529 |
1.71 (0.99-2.95) |
3.47 (0.99-12.24) |
Electricity |
17 |
148 |
Reference |
Reference |
Type of stoves |
Open-fire |
136 |
735 |
Reference |
Reference |
Improved |
22 |
65 |
0.34 (0.18-0.64)* |
0.31 (0.14-0.67)* |
Electricity |
12 |
72 |
0.69 (0.40-1.19) |
3.12 (0.79-12.32) |
Time spent in cooking per day |
≥3 hours |
62 |
261 |
2.92 (1.76-4.86)* |
2.45 (1.16-5.21)* |
2 hours |
78 |
398 |
1.91 (1.17-3.12)* |
1.53 (0.86-2.70) |
1 hour |
30 |
213 |
Reference |
Reference |
HAP exposure status of mothers |
High |
75 |
146 |
5.71 (3.54-9.19)* |
1.62 (0.46-5.77) |
Moderate |
67 |
415 |
1.79 (1.13-2.86)* |
1.37 (0.58-3.23) |
Low |
28 |
311 |
Reference |
Reference |
*Significantly associated with child size at birth at P-value <0.05.