Table 6: Predictors of child size at birth, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia, February 2017.

Predictor variables Child size at birth COR (95% CI) AOR (95% CI)
Small Medium or Large
Mother education No education 61 229 Reference Reference
Primary level 57 248 0.86 (0.58-1.29) 1.06 (0.65-1.72)
Secondary level 21 209 0.38 (0.22-0.64)* 0.52 (0.28-0.97)*
Higher level 31 186 0.63 (0.39-1.01) 1.22 (0.65-2.29)
Father education No education 41 157 1.87 (1.14-3.08)* 1.31 (0.69-2.50)
Primary level 56 218 1.84 (1.16-2.93)* 1.78 (1.00-3.18)
Secondary level 39 253 1.10 (0.68-1.81) 1.14 (0.65-2.01)
Higher level 34 244 Reference Reference
Wealth status Reach 55 323 0.70 (0.42-1.16) ---
Middle 88 438 0.83 (0.51-1.33) ---
Poor 27 111 Reference ---
Sex of a child Female 103 372 2.07 (1.48-2.89)* 2.27 (1.58-3.27)*
Male 67 500 Reference 1.00
Birth order First child 84 434 1.13 (0.74-1.73) ---
Second child 50 227 1.29 (0.81-2.06) ---
Third plus child 36 211 Reference ---
Birth spacing ≤2 years 105 478 1.33 (0.95-1.87) ---
>2 years 65 394 Reference ---
Number of windows in the house No window 23 43 5.22 (2.53-10.73)* 4.79 (1.56-14.69)*
1 window 77 354 2.12 (1.20-3.75)* 2.12 (0.82-5.44)
2 windows 54 319 1.65 (0.92-2.98) 1.83 (0.84-4.01)
≥3 windows 16 156 Reference Reference
House ventilation level Poor 85 333 1.83 (1.19-2.82)* 1.37 (0.67-2.82)
Moderate 51 295 1.24 (0.78-1.98) 1.03 (0.58-1.83)
Good 34 244 Reference Reference
Cooking Place (kitchen arrangement) Inside the house 38 255 2.85 (1.36-6.01)* 2.27 (1.88-5.88)*
Separate house 115 562 0.63 (0.30-1.33) 0.65 (0.28-1.51)
Outdoor space 17 55 Reference Reference
Fuel types for cooking Biomass fuel 49 195 2.19 (1.21-3.95)* 3.83 (1.95-15.35)*
Charcoal 104 529 1.71 (0.99-2.95) 3.47 (0.99-12.24)
Electricity 17 148 Reference Reference
Type of stoves Open-fire 136 735 Reference Reference
Improved 22 65 0.34 (0.18-0.64)* 0.31 (0.14-0.67)*
Electricity 12 72 0.69 (0.40-1.19) 3.12 (0.79-12.32)
Time spent in cooking per day ≥3 hours 62 261 2.92 (1.76-4.86)* 2.45 (1.16-5.21)*
2 hours 78 398 1.91 (1.17-3.12)* 1.53 (0.86-2.70)
1 hour 30 213 Reference Reference
HAP exposure status of mothers High 75 146 5.71 (3.54-9.19)* 1.62 (0.46-5.77)
Moderate 67 415 1.79 (1.13-2.86)* 1.37 (0.58-3.23)
Low 28 311 Reference Reference

*Significantly associated with child size at birth at P-value <0.05.