Table 6: Commercially available POC devices for bacterial infections detection.

POC NAME MEASURED PARAMETERS TEST TIME IMPRECISION ACCURACY
Determine® Syphilis TP (Abbott, Princeton, USA) [245] Treponema pallidum antibody 15 minutes CV = 2.7 - 6.1% r = 0.98
SD BioLine® Syphilis Duo (Standard Diagnostics, Inc., Gyeonggi-do, South Korea) [246-248] IgG, IgM, and IgA Treponema pallidum 15-20 minutes N/A r = 0.85
Syphicheck® (Qualpro Diagnostics, Goa, India) [249] IgM and IgG class of Treponema pallidum specific antibodies 15 minutes N/A N/A
Signify Strep A (Abbott, Princeton, USA) [250] group A Streptococcus carbohydrate antigen 5 minutes N/A r = 0.93
ACCEAVA® Strep A (Inverness Medical Professional Diagnostics, Princeton, USA) [251] streptococcal A antigen 5 minutes N/A r = 0.98
CT/NG Xpert Rapid (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, USA) [252, 253] Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae DNA 90 minutes CV = 2% N/A
BioStar® (GC OIA, ThermoFisher/BioStar, Boulder, Colorado, USA) [254, 255] L7/L12 ribosomal protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae 25 - 40 minutes N/A N/A
Immunoquick® Malaria (Meridian Healthcare srl, Catania, Italy) [256, 257] Pf HRP-2 and pan malaria-specific pLDH 15 - 30 minutes CV = 0.2% r = 0.93
RAPIRUN®S. pneumonia (Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) [258, [259] pneumococcal C-ps < 25 minutes N/A r = 0.77
HELIPROBE® (Kibion AB, Uppsala, Sweden) [260, 261] 14C-Urea 15 minutes N/A r = 0.95
Determine™ TB LAM (Alere Inc., Waltham, USA) [262-264] LAM of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 25 minutes N/A r = 0.68
BinaxNOW® (Alere, USA) [265, 266] pneumococcal and L. pneumophila serogroup 1 antigens 15 minutes CV < 25% r = 0.97
Multiplo™ Rapid (Medmira Inc, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada) [234, 267] IgM and IgG antibodies to recombinant Treponema pallidum antigens (Tp0171 (TpN15), Tp0435 (TpN17) and Tp0574 (TpN47) 3 minutes CV = 4.8% N/A
aQcare Chlamydia TRF kit (Medisensor, Inc., Daegu, Korea) [268] Chlamydia trachomatis antigen 15 minutes N/A N/A
Chlamydia Rapid Test (Diagnostics for the Real World, Cambridge, UK) [269] Chlamydia trachomatis antigen 30 minutes N/A N/A
ACON Chlamydia Rapid Test (ACON Laboratories, San Diego, CA, USA) [270-272] Chlamydia trachomatis antigen 30 minutes N/A r = 0.64
QuickVue Chlamydia Rapid Test (QuickVue) (Quidel Corporation, San Diego, CA, USA) Chlamydia trachomatis antigen 12 minutes N/A N/A
RealStar Filovirus Screen RT-PCR kit 1.0 (altona Diagnostics, Hamburg, Germany) [233] Filovirus RNA 15 minutes CV = 1.10 - 1.16% N/A
TrueNat® Malaria (bigtec Labs, Bangalore, India) [273] Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria nuceic acids 45 minutes N/A N/A
TrueNat MTBTM (Molbio Diagnostics Pvt. Ltd, India) [274] Mycobacterium tuberculosis nuceic acid 35 minutes N/A r = 0.96
FilmArray® (BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, Utah) [275, 276] Chlamydia trachomatis,
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum,
Haemophilus ducreyi nuceic acids		           60 minutes CV = 4 - 40% r = 0.89
Aeonose® (The eNose Company, Zutphen, The
Netherlands) [234]		 bacterial infections in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 15 minutes N/A r = 0.72
VIKIA Malaria Ag Pf/Pan™ (IMACCESS©, Lyon, France) [277] Plasmodium falciparum (HRP-2) and non-P. falciparum (aldolase) 20–30 minutes N/A N/A
Dual Path Platform (DPP®) (Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., Medford, USA) [278] Candida albicans antigen 20 minutes N/A N/A
QuikRead go® Strep A (Orion Diagnostica Oy, Finland) [279] Streptococcus pyogenes < 7 minutes N/A N/A
Circulating Cathodic Antigen Urine Cassette Test (Rapid Medical Diagnostics; Pretoria, South Africa) [280-282] Schistosoma mansoni 20 minutes N/A r = 0.99
Filariasis Test Strip (Alere, Scarborough,
ME) [283]		 Wuchereria
bancrofti circulating filarial antigen		 10 minutes N/A r = 0.94

(Pf HRP-2 = Plasmodium falciparum-specific histidine-rich protein-2; pLDH = pan lactate dehydrogenase; C-ps = capsular polysaccharide; LAM = Lipoarabinomannan; HRP-2 = histidine-rich protein 2).