Table 2: Incidence of PSA test among Medicare beneficiaries.

Cohorts
Variable 2015 Rao-Scott 2016 Rao-Scott Total Rao-Scott
n=5140 (p) n=5202 (p) n=10342 (p)
Age group, years
<65 33.7 <0.001 33.0 <0.001 33.4 <0.001
65-75 62.6 62.3 62.4
>75 59.2 56.3 57.7
Race
White non-Hispanic 58.9 <0.001 56.6 0.079 57.7 <0.001
Black non-Hispanic 48.3 51.3 49.8
Hispanic 51.1 57.0 53.8
Other 48.6 48.5 48.6
Income, annual
<$25,000 40.3 <0.001 45.7 <0.001 43.0 <0.001
>$25,000 64.5 60.1 62.2
Metro region
Metro 55.9 0.246 55.9 0.426 55.9 0.756
Non-metro 58.7 54.2 56.4
Education
No high school 43.7 <0.001 48.1 <0.001 45.9 <0.001
High school 53.3 50.9 52.1
Above high school 62.8 60.5 61.6
Marital status
Married 62.6 <0.001 60.6 <0.001 61.6 <0.001
Widowed 53.9 52.7 53.3
Divorced/separated 51.0 49.5 50.2
Never Married 30.0 33.4 31.7
Dual coverage (Medicare and Medicaid)
No 60.5 <0.001 58.3 <0.001 59.4 <0.001
Yes 35.0 39.2 37.0
Part D coverage
No 57.5 0.52 55.0 0.668 56.2 0.855
Yes 56.1 55.8 55.9
Has private insurance
No 50.5 <0.001 49.7 <0.001 50.1 <0.001
Yes 61.9 60.7 61.3
Enrolled in Medicare Advantage
No 55.5 0.111 54.6 0.124 55.0 0.039
Yes 58.5 57.3 57.9
Body weight
Healthy 48.0 <0.001 50.3 <0.001 49.2 <0.001
Underweight 42.0 49.8 46.1
Overweight 61.5 58.0 59.7
Obese 58.5 57.9 58.2
Perceived health
Much Better 60.4 0.438 57.8 0.697 59.1 0.540
Somewhat better 59.3 54.1 56.7
About the same 55.6 55.3 55.5
Somewhat worse 56.0 57.2 56.6
Worse 55.2 50.8 53.2
No. of ADLs
0 60.8 <0.001 59.3 0.046 60.0 0.059
1 45.3 46.1 45.8
>=2 51.2 49.8 50.5
No. of outpatient visits
None 52.7 <0.001 51.9 <0.001 52.3 <0.001
1 to 5 54.7 53.1 53.9
6 to 10 62.1 61.8 62.0
11 to 15 68.5 64.2 66.4
16 to 20 57.5 69.1 63.6
> 20 74.5 66.9 70.9
No. of inpatient visits
None 56.3 0.923 55.6 0.559 55.9 0.882
1 to 5 58.7 57.0 57.9
6 to 10 60.5 46.6 54.4
11 to 15 57.1 43.8 50.9
16 to 20 50.5 56.0 53.8
Year
2015 56.5 0.428
2016 55.5
Total 56.5 55.5 56.0