Table 1: Characteristics of study participants in DBM and control groups.

Characteristics DBM Group
(n=30)
Control Group (n=29) p-value
Age (years)aMean±SD 70.43±7.06 70.10±8.33 0.870
Sex, n (%)b
Male 8 (26.7) 6 (20.7) 0.590
Female 22 (73.3) 23 (79.3)
Marital status, (n %)b
Single 2 (6.7) 0 (0.0) 0.084
Married 11 (36.7) 18 (62.1)
Widowed 17 (56.7) 11 (37.9)
Education level n (%)b
Illiterate 1 (3.3) 0 (0.0) 0.422
Primary school 25 (83.3) 27 (93.1)
High school 4 (13.3) 2 (6.9)
Chronic disease, n (%)b
No 7 (23.3) 6 (20.7) 0.501
Yes 23 (76.7) 23 (79.3)
Hypertension, n (%)(n=23) 12 (52.2) 12 (52.2)
Diabetes, n (%)(n=23) 2 (8.7) 5 (21.7)
Hypertension and Diabetes, n (%)(n=23) 6 (26.1) 6 (26.1)
Gout, n (%)(n=23) 2 (8.7) 0 (0.0)
BMI (kg/m2)a, Mean±SD 24.97±2.75 25.14±5.20 0.874
Smoking, n (%)b
No 28 (93.3) 27 (93.1)
Yes 2 (6.7) 2 (6.9)
Alcohol drinking, n (%)b
No 23 (76.7) 27 (93.1) 0.075
Yes 7 (23.3) 2 (6.9)

at Independent-samples t test; b χ2 Chi –square, DBM = Deep breathing and Body scan combined with Music.