Table 2: Caregiver’s awareness of risk of fall in elderly patients with uncontrollable diabetes (N = 136).

Awareness item Mean±SD (score)
1. As the patient becomes older, the caregiver will increase caregiving provided to the patient to avoid falls. 4.48±0.56
2. The caregiver must pay more attention to the care of elderly diabetic patients than they would the care of healthy elderly people as regards falling. 3.84±0.76
3. If the elderly patient has vision, balance, or joint and muscle problems, the caregiver will help the patient while doing activities. 4.35±0.65
4. The caregiver will help the elderly do activities as requested in order to reduce the risk of falls from doing activities by himself/herself. 4.32±0.63
5. If the elderly patient falls, the caregiver will increase care provided to prevent falls in the future. 4.37±0.59
6. The caregiver has good conversations with the elderly patient about mental help, which may reduce risk of falls. 4.20±0.79
7. The caregiver will provide much more care to prevent falls if the elderly patient takes any drugs with side effects affecting balance, e.g., sleeping pills or antihypertensives. 4.27±0.73
8. The caregiver will provide sufficient light in the areas where the elderly patient resides. 4.38±0.60
9. The caregiver will arrange the items that the elderly patient uses regularly so that they will be able to use or pick up them easily. 4.36±0.59
10. If there are objects on the floor or materials blocking the way, the caregiver will wait for others to remove or pick them up.a 4.22±0.70
11. The caregiver will organize electrical cables that clutter walkways to reduce the risk of stumbling. 4.33±0.73
12. If the caregiver sees a wet floor, the caregiver will leave it to dry by itself.a 3.71±1.00
13. The caregiver will warn the elderly patient to be careful when they are going up and down the stairs or they will provide extra care to the patient if the patient has difficulties doing so on his/her own. 4.43±0.55
14. The caregiver will warn the elderly patient to be careful when they are walking on rough or uneven surfaces. 4.45±0.53
15. The caregiver pays attention when choosing shoes that are suitable for the elderly patient. 4.29±0.69
16. The caregiver will encourage the patient to do exercise based on his/her physical condition in order to strengthen muscles and joints. 4.35±0.61
17. The caregiver will encourage the elderly patient to eat healthy food in order to increase their physical strength. 4.40±0.56
18. The caregiver will be careful when traveling with the patient, e.g., going to see a doctor. 4.49±0.52
Total 77.24±9.75

aNegative statement.