Table 2: Score on PSQI for patients with schizophrenia at Jimma University medical center, 2019 (n=411).

variables Category Frequency (%)
Sleep disturbancea Yes
No
293 (71.3)
118 (28.7)
Subjective sleep quality Very good
Fairly good
Fairly bad
Very bad
112 (27.3)
147 (35.8)
94 (22.9)
58 (14.1)
Sleep latencyb Very good
Fairly good
Fairly bad
Very bad
100 (24.3)
121 (29.4)
79 (19.2)
111 (27.0)
Sleep duration >7
6-7
5-6
<5
156 (38.0)
140 (34.1)
65 (15.8)
50 (12.2)
Sleep efficiencyc >85%
75-84%
65-74%
<64%
139 (33.8)
128 (31.1)
77 (18.7)
67 (16.3)
Sleep medication use Used during last month
Not used in the past month
210 (51.1)
201 (48.9)
Daytime dysfunctiond Yes
No
266 (64.7)
145 (35.3)

Note:
aThis was assessed with question number 5b to 5j of PSQI in which the score added and converted to Likert scale of 0-3. The subject who had at least 1 out of 3 was considered as having sleep disturbances.
bTime from bedtime to sleep onset and assessed by summation of questions number 2 and 5a. Scored on 0-3 scale in which 0=very good, 1=fairly good, 2= fairly bad and 3=very bad
cRatio of total time spent in bed to actual time of sleep and assessed by question number 4a and 4b of PSQI.
dTrouble in staying awake during important daily activities and problem of keeping enthusiasm with things being done and evaluated with the summation of questions number 7 and 8 of PSQI. Participants who has score of at least 1 from 3 considered as having daytime dysfunction [43].