Table 1: Mean scores of each dependent variable at each phase and its differences.

variables Condition Phase 1
Pre-interventiona
Phase 2
After-interventionb
Phase 3
Post-interventionc
F(p)
[95% C.I. of a-b, 95% C.I. of a-c]
Perceived Damage Gratitude 3.64 (.94) 2.82 (.74) 2.64 (.48) 20.871(<.001)
[.51~1.13, .70~1.31]
Job Diary 3.94 (.83) 3.77 (.92) 3.83 (1.00) .623(.538)
[-.14~.49, -.20~.43]
No Exposure 3.98 (.84) 3.92 (.85) 3.87 (.81) .332(.718)
[-.26~.37, -.20~.43]
Positive
Affect
Gratitude 3.51 (.71) 4.82 (.29) 4.81 (.21) 82.949(<.001)
[-1.51~-1.11, -1.51~-1.08]
Job Diary 3.45 (.85) 3.22 (.60) 3.30 (.59) 4.104(.018)
[.03~.44, -.08~.37]
No Exposure 3.36 (.81) 3.50 (.67) 3.57 (.61) 2.361(.098)
[-.34~.07, -.43~.01]
Negative Affect Gratitude 2.21 (.75) 1.12 (.29) 1.18 (.12) 49.069(<.001)
[.87~1.31, .82~1.25]
Job Diary 2.57 (.91) 2.69 (.64) 2.90 (.70) 11.477(<.001)
[-.36~.10, -.56~-.11]
No Exposure 2.05 (.77) 2.18 (.87) 2.18 (.85) .683(.507)
[-.36~.09, -.35~.09]
Work Engagement Gratitude 3.73 (.74) 4.74 (.59) 4.68 (.71) 50.030(<.001)
[-1.21~-.81, -1.17~-.72]
Job Diary 3.51 (.74) 3.20 (.44) 3.30 (.50) 4.438(.013)
[.10~.52, -.03~.44]
No Exposure 3.31 (.77) 3.28 (.60) 3.23 (.49) .332(.718)
[-.32~.15, -.22~.11]

Notes. Standard deviations are in parentheses.
N=56 for Gratitude, N=52 for Job Diary, and N=53 for No Exposure. ‘a-b’ and ‘a-c’ denote the differences between Phase1 and Phase2 and between Phase 1 and Phase 3, respectively.