Hip Abductor Strengthening Improves Physical Function Following Total Knee Replacement: One-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Pilot Study

Table 2: Within group analysis of outcome measures.

Outcome measures	Baseline	1 month	3 month		1 year	Baseline to 1 month Mean (95% CI)	p value	Baseline to 3 month Mean (95% CI)	p value		Baseline to 1 Year Mean (95% CI)	p value
Hip abductor strengthening group
Knee strength	36.1(8.4)	36.4(8.8)		40.9(10.1)	41.7(7.5)	.3(-.71-1.3)	<0.520	4.8(2.6-6.9)	<0.001	5.6(2.7-8.4)		<0.002
Hip abductor strength	36.1(6.0)	40.3(7.2)		42.6(6.9)	45.7(6.7)	4.2(2.4-5.9)	<0.001	6.5(4.1-8.8)	<0.001	9.6(7.8-11.3)		<0.001
SMWT	255.1(79.2)	304.6(108.6)		387.6(119.5)	474.1(160.5)	49.5(-8.1-107.1)	<0.084	132.5(62.6-202.3)	<0.002	219(104.1-333.8)		<0.002
SLS	8.3(4.5)	6.6(3.4)		13.7(5.4)	15.2(5.9)	-1.7 (-4.1-.75)	<0.271	5.4(2.5 -8.2)	< 0.001	6.9 (4.6-9.1)		< 0.001
TUG	16.3(4.2)	17.5(3.9)		13.3(4.0)	11.3(2.2)	-1.2(-3.9-1.5)	<0.347	3(.78-5.2)	<0.013	5(2.1-7.8)		<0.003
NPRS	7.1(.56)	4.2(1.1)		1.7(.6)	1.4(.9)	2.9(1.9-3.8)	<0.001	5.4(4.7-6)	<0.001	5.7(4.9-6.4)		<0.001
Control group
Knee strength	34.8(4.9)	37.5(4.4)	42.3(4.3)		42.8(3.1)	2.6(-.53-5.7)	<0.070	7.5(6.3-8.6)	<0.001		8(5.6-10.3)	<0.001
Hip abductor strength	36(7)	37.12(5.8)	37.3(6.4)		39.8(6.2)	1.1(-.89-3.1)	<0.229	1.3(.38-2.3)	<0.014		3.8(2.8-4.9)	<0.001
SMWT	201.1(64.4)	216.8(90.5)	319.3(134.8)		380.6(124.7)	15.7(-30.3-61.8)	<0.445	118.2(35.3-201.1)	<0.012		179.5(90.5-268.4)	<0.002
SLS	6.5(2.5)	5.3(1.1)	7.62(2.7)		9.5(2.3)	-1.1(-4.8-2.6)	<0.100	1.1(-2.3-4.5)	<0.100		3(.3-5.6)	<0.027
TUG	18(4.3)	18.7(5.3)	15.2(4)		13.8(2.6)	-.75(-6.1-4.6)	<0.754	2.7(-.58-6.0)	<0.092		4.1(1.5-6.7)	<0.007
NPRS	6.5(1.5)	3.6(1.5)	2.1(.8)		1.1(.8)	2.8(1.4-4.3)	<0.002	4.3(2.8-5.9)	<0.001		5.3(3.9-6.7)	<0.001

SMWT- Six minute walk test, measured in meters; TUG- Timed up and Go test , measured in seconds; SLS- Single leg stance test, measured in seconds; NPRS- Numeric pain rating scale ; Knee strength ( quadriceps strength) in pounds; Hip abductor strength in pounds.