General Risk Factors for Osteoporosis | RA Related Osteoporosis Risk Factors |
---|---|
Female sex | Steroids |
Age | Systemic inflammation |
Early Menopause | Osteoclasts activation |
Amenorrhea | Osteoblasts inhibition |
Asian or European Ethnicity | Disease activity |
Low BMD | Disease duration |
Steroids | High titer of rheumatoid factor |
Smoke and Alcohol | High titer of ACPA |
Vitamin D and Ca2+ deficiency | Inactivity due to joint pain |
Prolonged immobilization | – |
Low weight | – |
Poor visual acuity | – |