Author [Year] | No. Subjects | DISH Criteria* | Obesity Criteria# | Percentage Obese | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forestier et al. [1950] [11] | 9 M | Not stated | Not stated | 66% | Important clinical observation No controls |
Boulet et al. [1954] [29] | 8 M / 4 F | “Forestier” | Not stated | 17% | No controls |
Schilling et al. [1965] [24] | 66 M / 14 F 80 controls |
“Forestier” | % above German norms | 66% >10% overweight, 25%>25% overweight; controls 34% and 9% | Obesity strongly associated with DISH |
Schoen et al. [1969] [30] | 507 patients, > 30yrs with abnormal GT | NS – lateral Xray thoracic spine | NS | “Increased” | Compared to 347 patients, >50 yrs with normal GT |
Beardwell [1969] [31] | 4 M / 4F | “Forestier” | Not stated | “Majority” | Familial study |
Julkunen et al. [1971] [3] | 12,858 unselected persons | Julkunen | Weight-height ratio, triceps skinfold thickness | Significantly higher in both sexes [all age groups] with DISH compared to non-DISH subjects. | Obesity strongly associated with DISH |
Harris et al. [1974] [4] | 17 M / 17 F | Harris | Not stated | 88% | No controls |
Utsinger et al. [1976] [32] | 25 M / 5 F | Resnick | Not stated | 30% | No controls |
Resnick [1978] [33] | 21 M | Resnick | Not stated | 22% | No controls |
Boachie-Adjei et al. [1987] [34] | 21 of 75 autopsy spines | “Forestier” | Average weight | DISH =85kg, non-DISH =65kg | Obesity strongly associated with DISH |
Troillet and Gerster [1993] [35] | 17 M / 8 F, matched for age, sex, BMI |
Resnick | BMI | Mean BMI = 29.5 | All obese |
Daragon et al. [1995] [36] | 50 persons -DISH >60yrs 50 controls - matched sex, age, weight, height |
Resnick | Weight-height index | No difference between DISH and controls | Study controlled for weight |
Mata et al. [1997] [37] | DISH -56, Spondylosis -43, Healthy controls -31 |
Resnick | Weight, BMI, WC | DISH significantly higher weight at marker state** and at study time, higher BMI, higher WC [p< 0.001] |
Obesity strongly associated with DISH |
Coaccioli et al. [2000] [38] | Obese subjects- [1] 32 without T2DM, [2] 30 with T2DM Control - 30 subjects |
Utsinger | BMI>30 BMI <30 |
[1] 37.5% DISH [2] 40% DISH 2.5% DISH |
High prevalence DISH in obese subjects |
Kiss et al. [2002] [25] | 69 M / 62 F with DISH; 69 M/62 F with spondylosis | Resnick | BMI | DISH BMI 27.8, controls 26.0, [p<0.001] | Obesity strongly associated with DISH |
Miyazama and Akiyama [2006] [39] | DISH 35 M / 10 F Control [spondylosis] 70 M /20 F |
Resnick | Weight | DISH mean= 62.3 kg, Controls mean =58.33 kg [p<0.01] |
Obesity strongly associated with DISH |
Mader et al. [2009] [27] | 13 M / 34 F DISH; 48 age-sex matched controls | Resnick | WC BMI > 30 |
WC significantly elevated in DISH, BMI > 30 in 39% DISH versus 26% controls | Obesity strongly associated with DISH |
Zincarelli et al. [2012] [40] | DISH 105 M / 27 F Non-DISH 231 M / 73 F |
Resnick | BMI>30 | 35.6% DISH obese compared with 23% non-DISH [p< 0.009] |
Obesity strongly associated with DISH-all had cardiovascular disease |
Haddad et al. [2013] [28] | 57 M / 21 F with DISH and PsA; 171 M / 62 F control patients with PsA only | Modified Utsinger [thoracic spine only, no extra spinal assessment included] | BMI Obesity definition not stated |
DISH BMI =32.9%, control BMI =28.7%, p<0.0001 DISH obesity=31%, control obesity=50%. [p<0.0001] |
Higher BMI strongly associated with DISH, large variance in obesity groups |