Shirakura et al. [2000] [74] |
32M/17F patients with OSL; 37M/32F age and BMI-matched controls |
Patients with OSL identified -no criteria |
Serum leptin and insulin |
Leptin and insulin significantly elevated in female but not male OSL patients |
The elevated leptin in females with OSL may link to insulin. The significance of this observation is unclear. No positive findings in males. |
Ikeda et al. [2011] [75] |
68M/57F patients with OSL; 35M/27F age and BMI-matched controls |
Patients with OSL identified -no criteria |
Serum leptin, insulin |
Leptin and insulin significantly elevated in females corrected for BMI, but not male OSL patients |
Elevated leptin and insulin correlated with extent of spinal ossification in females. Inconclusive associations with bone turnover. No positive findings in males. |