Table 5: Correlation of GOLD criteria and clinical diagnosis of COPD in smokers and ethnic differences.

Ethnicity GOLD Criteria Cramer's V
Correlation Coefficient
p-value
Yes No
Hispanic Clinical diagnosis of COPD Yes 39 70 0.306 0.000
No 16 137
Caucasian Clinical diagnosis of COPD Yes 199 91 0.295 0.000
No 96 149

GOLD: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease