Gene |
Polymorphisms |
Personality Traits |
Phenotype |
Results |
Reference |
DRD2 |
TaqIA |
TPQ novelty seeking |
Anxiety-depression Alcoholism |
Associated with TPQ novelty seeking |
[23] |
|
TaqIA |
TPQ novelty seeking |
Antisocial personality disorder with alcoholism |
An interaction between DRD2 TaqI A1+ (including A1/A1 or A1/A2) and 5-HTTLPR short/short genotype in TPQ novelty seeking |
[28] |
|
TaqIA |
BIS/BAS and SPSRQ reward sensitivity |
Binge eating disorder |
Having greater reward sensitivity than normal-weight controls, but only among those carrying the A1 allele |
[34] |
DRD4 |
exon III |
TCI harm avoidance |
Mood disorders |
Genotypes with the DRD4 long allele marginally associated with low TCI harm avoidance |
[41] |
HTR2A |
rs6313, rs4941573 |
NEO-PI-R extraversion |
Borderline personality disorder |
The C allele of rs6313 and the A allele of rs4941573 associated with a higher extraversion score |
[46] |
MAOA |
uVNTR |
TCI persistence |
Mood disorders |
The long MAOA allele associated with decreased TCI persistence scores among female patients |
[41] |
SLC6A4 |
5-HTTLPR/ VNTR |
TCI harm avoidance |
Alcoholism |
Association between short/12-repeat haplotype of SLC6A4 and low level of TCI harm avoidance |
[54] |
|
5-HTTLPR |
TCI harm avoidance |
Alcoholism |
Associated with TCI harm avoidance |
[55] |
|
5-HTTLPR |
TPQ novelty seeking |
Anxiety-depression Alcoholism |
The 5-HTTLPR short/short genotype associated with TPQ novelty seeking |
[23] |
|
5-HTTLPR |
ZKPQ liking of parties and friends |
Borderline personality disorder |
The long allele (long/short or long/long) in 5-HTTLPR showed lower scores on the subscale of the ZKPQ liking of parties and friends |
[58] |
|
5-HTTLPR |
TCI harm avoidance |
Bulimia nervosa |
The short allele (short/short or short/long) in 5-HTTLPR had significantly higher mean TCI harm avoidance score |
[59] |
|
5-HTTLPR |
TCI harm avoidance |
Internet addiction |
The 5-HTTLPR short/short genotype showed higher TCI harm avoidance scores |
[65] |
|
5-HTTLPR |
TCI novelty seeking |
Mood disorders |
The 5-HTTLPR short/short genotype associated with low TCI novelty seeking score |
[41] |
|
5-HTTLPR |
TPQ reward dependence |
Nicotine dependence |
A weak association between TPQ reward dependence and 5-HTTLPR |
[68] |
|
VNTR |
ZKPQ impulsivity, sensation seeking, and liking of parties and friends |
Borderline personality disorder |
The allele with 10 repeat of SLC6A4 VNTR showed lower scores in the ZKPQ impulsivity, sensation seeking and in the subscale liking of parties and friends |
[58] |
|
VNTR |
TPQ novelty seeking |
Nicotine dependence |
A weak association between TPQ novelty seeking and SLC6A4 VNTR |
[68] |
TPH1 |
A218C |
TCI harm avoidance |
Bulimia nervosa |
Bulimic women with the TPH1 AA genotype exhibited a more severe binge eating behavior and higher TCI harm avoidance scores than those with CC genotype |
[61] |
The "rs number" means the NCBI SNP ID.
5-HTTLPR, serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region; BIS/BAS, Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System; DRD2, dopamine D2 receptor; DRD4, dopamine D4 receptor; HTR2A, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (serotonin receptor 2A); MAOA, monoamine oxidase A; NEO-PI-R, Revised NEO Personality Inventory; SLC6A4, solute carrier family 6 member 4 (serotonin transporter); SPSRQ, Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire; TCI, Temperament and Character Inventory; TPH1, tryptophan hydroxylase 1; uVNTR, the upstream variable number of tandem repeats in the MAOA gene promoter; VNTR, the variable number tandem repeats region in the second intron of the SLC6A4 gene; TPQ, Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire; ZKPQ, Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire.