Human | Location of Measurement | Pressure (mmHg) | Flow Rate (mL/min) | WSS (dyn/cm2) | Strain (Unit-Less) | Methods |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AVF | Radial Artery | 100 a(1 week) [45] |
777 (4 months) [46] 519 (5 months) [46] 506 (7 months) [46] |
30 (6 weeks) [47] |
bn/a | Pressure transducer [45], MRI for flow rate [46], ultrasound for lumen diameter [47], WSS by Poiseuille’s law [47] |
Cephalic Vein | 80 (1 week) [45] |
861 (1 week) [48] 632 (4 months) [46] 304 (5 months) [46] 302 (7 months) [46] |
80-2500 (4 months) [46] |
n/a | Pressure transducer [45], MRI for flow rate [46], ultrasound for flow rate [48], WSS by cCFD [46] | |
AVG | Brachial Artery | 80-100 (4 weeks) [49] |
1528 (6 weeks) [50] |
51 (6 weeks) [50] |
n/a | Pressure transducer [49], ultrasound for flow and lumen diameter [50], WSS by Poiseuille’s law [50] |
Cephalic Vein | 80-100 (4 weeks) [49] |
1277 (6 weeks) [50] |
24 (6 weeks) [50] |
n/a | Pressure transducer [49], ultrasound for flow and lumen diameter [50], WSS by Poiseuille’s law [50] | |
ABG (femoral-femoral) | Upstream Anastomosis | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Downstream Anastomosis |
75 (during surgery) [51] |
135 (before surgery) [52] |
1-30 [52] | n/a | Pressure transducer [51], ultrasound for flow rate [52], WSS by cCFD [52] | |
ABG (femoral-popliteal) | Upstream Anastomosis | 75 (during surgery) [51] |
237 (6 weeks) [53] |
5-30 (6 weeks) [53] |
0.7 ± 0.4% (3 months) [54] |
Pressure transducer [51], ultrasound for flow rate [53], WSS by cCFD [53], ultrasound for strain [54] |
Downstream Anastomosis | 75 (during surgery) [51] |
237 (6 weeks) [53] |
5-30 (6 weeks) [53] |
0.6 ± 0.3% (3 months) [54] |
Pressure transducer [51], ultrasound for flow rate [53], WSS by cCFD [53], ultrasound for strain [54] | |
Radial Artery | n/a | 143 [22] 101 [48] |
70 [55] 30 [48] |
5 [55] | n/a | Intravascular flow probe [22], ultrasound for flow rate [48], fluorescent particle tracking for WSS [55] |
Cephalic Vein | n/a | 10-18 [56] | 5 [20] | 1-2 [34] | n/a | Plethysmography for pressure [56], ultrasound for flow rate [20], WSS by Poiseuille’s law [34] |