Table 2: Clinical features of acute glomerulonephritis associated with post-streptococcal disease, IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schonlein pupura.

Clinical Parameters Acute Post-Streptococcal GN IgA GN HSP Nephritis
Preceding URI Streptoccocal infection 10-14 days before onset of gross hematuria. Pyoderma associated APSGN: latent period may be up to 6 weeks 24-72 hours before onset of hematuria [synpharyngetic]. URI is often viral in nature. May have preceding streptococcal infection. Streptococcal antibodies positive in 25-30%
Duration of hematuria 7-14 days 2-14 days. Recurrent gross hematuria with URI. Gross hematuria occurs in minority of patients. Microhematuria is more common
Microhematuria Can persist up to 1 year Can persist, but may disappear in between gross hematuria. Microhematuria is common, usually resolves in few weeks.
Serum complement C3 Low Normal Normal
Other Clinical associations Hypertension Hyperkalemia Oliguria Mild azotemia Acute kidney injury Nephrotic syndrome Typical rash Joint pains Abdominal pain Risk for intessusception
Renal Biopsy finding Sub-epithelial “humps” - electron dense deposits Mesangial cell and matrix proliferation Mesangial IgA, IgG and C3 complement deposits Mesangial cell and matrix proliferation Mesangial IgA, IgG and C3 complement deposits
Prognosis Excellent Long-term risk of CKD and hypertension. Risk of CKD in only those with severe renal pathology. Most patients recover

Abbreviations: CKD=chronic kidney disease; HSP=Henoch-Schonlein purpura; IgA= immunoglobulin A; IgG= immunoglobulin G.