Fig. (4) Cytosolic E1 reduces CHOP activation. HeLa cells were transfected with plasmids encoding the envelope proteins as indicated with or without treatment with the solvent control DMSO or 2µg/ml tunicamycin (Tm) for 16hr. Protein lysates resolved on SDS-PAGE were immunoblotted with antibodies specific for CHOP and β-tubulin. The intensities of the bands were quantified with ImageQuant 5.0. The levels of CHOP were normalised against β-tubulin and expressed as fold change relative to the gfp control which was set as 1.