Table 4: Data for calculating the biogas equivalent for various reference flows a

Purpose
(Device) 		Fuel LHV
(MJ kg-1)		 Ave. efficiency
%		 Equivalent
factor		 g MJ-1
CO2 CH4 N2O
Cooking:
(Stove cook)
vs.
(Gas stove) 		Biogas 20.9 MJ m-3 53 1.0 82.4 0.005 0.0001
Wood 16.0 20 3.5 b 109.6 0.300 0.004
Dung cake 15.5 15 4.8 109.6 0.281 0.027
Crop residues 12.6 15 5.9 109.6 0.300 0.004

a [16, 30, 31, 28, 32]. b 1m3biogas substitutes 3.5 kg woodfuel : ([1m3 × 20.9 MJ m-3 × 0.53]/[16 MJ kg-1 × 0.20]).