The Open Virology Journal




(Discontinued)

ISSN: 1874-3579 ― Volume 15, 2021

Chronically HIV-1 Infected Patients Exhibit Low Frequencies of CD25+ Regulatory T Cells



Cesar Mauricio Rueda Rios*, Paula Andrea Velilla, Maria Teresa Rugeles
Grupo Inmunovirologia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia

Abstract

The characterization of regulatory T cells (Treg) during HIV infection has become of particular interest considering their potential role in the pathogenesis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Different reports on Tregs in HIV-infected patients vary greatly, depending on the state of disease progression, anatomical compartment, and the phenotypic markers used to define this cell subpopulation. To determine the frequency of Tregs we included paired samples from peripheral blood and rectal biopsies from controls and chronic HIV patients with or without detectable viral load. Tregs were determined by flow cytometry using three different protocols: CD4+Foxp3+; CD4+Foxp3+CD127Low/-, and CD4+CD25+CD127Low/-. In addition, and with the purpose to compare the different protocols we also characterized Tregs in peripheral blood of HIV negative individuals with influenza like symptoms. Here, we report that Treg characterization in HIV-infected patients as CD4+Foxp3+ and CD4+Foxp3+CD127Low/- cells was similar, indicating that both protocols represent a suitable method to determine the frequency of Tregs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). In contrast, in HIV but not in flu-like patients, detection of Tregs as CD4+CD25+CD127Low/- cells resulted in a significantly lower percentage of these cells. In both, HIV patients and controls the frequency of Treg was significantly higher in GALT compared to PBMC. The frequency of Tregs in PBMC and GALT using CD4+Foxp3+ and CD4+Foxp3+CD127Low/- was higher in HIV patients than in controls. Similarly, the frequency of Treg using any protocol was higher in flu-like patients compared to controls. The results suggest that relying on the expression of CD25 could be unsuitable to characterize Tregs in PBMC and GALT samples from a chronic infection such as HIV.

Keywords: Regulatory T cell, human immunodeficiency virus, CD25, phenotype..

Article Information


Identifiers and Pagination:

Year: 2012
Volume: 6
First Page: 49
Last Page: 58
Publisher Id: TOVJ-6-49
DOI: 10.2174/1874357901206010049

Article History:

Received Date: 29/11/2011
Revision Received Date: 24/1/2012
Acceptance Date: 25/1/2012
Electronic publication date: 11/4/2012
Collection year: 2012

© Rios et al.; Licensee Bentham Open.

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http: //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.


* Address correspondence to this author at the School of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Calle 62 # 52-59, Of. 532, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Medellín, Colombia; Tel: 57-4-2-6482; Fax: 57-4-219-6481; E-mail: cesarued@hotmail.com


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