Peri-Arthritis and Tenosynovitis with a Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Gonococcal Strain
Freke Wink1, Filip Gemmel2, Henry de Vries3, Jan van Zeijl4 , George A.W. Bruyn*, 1
1 Department of Rheumatology, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, 8934 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, 8934 AD Leeuwarden, Netherlands
3 Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam, Netherlands
4 Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Public Health, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
Abstract
Disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI) occurs in only a small minority of mucosal infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Clinical manifestations of DGI include skin lesions, fever and musculoskeletal involvement. Articular manifestations include arthralgia, tenosynovitis, peri-arthritis and arthritis. Useful imaging techniques in DGI are multiphase bone scintigraphy and grey-scale ultrasonography with power Doppler modality. Sonography provides a reliable way to detect and aspirate fluid, which can be used for microbial diagnosis. Besides diagnostic purposes, cultivation allows determination of antimicrobial susceptibility, which may have implications for therapy. Since quinolone-resistant gonococcal infection continues to spread, treatment recommendations have changed to administration of cephalosporins in different parts of the world
Article Information
Article History:
Received Date: 11/5/2009
Revision Received Date: 8/7/2009
Acceptance Date: 18/7/2009
Electronic publication date: 1/10/2009
Collection year: 2009
© Wink etal.; Licensee Bentham Open.
open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (
http: //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Rheumatology, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, 8934 AD Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Tel: +31582866104; Fax: +31582866105;
E-mail: gawbruyn@wxs.nl
Open Peer Review Details |
Manuscript submitted on 11-5-2009 |
Original Manuscript |
Peri-Arthritis and Tenosynovitis with a Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Gonococcal Strain |